An iron flow battery is an energy storage system that uses iron ions in a liquid electrolyte to store and release electrical energy. This technology enables the efficient production and consumption of renewable energy sources by providing grid stability and balancing energy supply and. . Among them, iron-based aqueous redox flow batteries (ARFBs) are a compelling choice for future energy storage systems due to their excellent safety, cost-effectiveness and scalability. They offer a safe, non-flammable, non-explosive, high power density, and cost-effective energy storage solution. Powering a Decarbonised Future.