These batteries are used for renewables integration, grid solutions, long-duration storage, backup power, microgrids, and spinning reserve applications for industrial, commercial, and residential consumers. . A new sodium breakthrough could supercharge solid-state batteries: cleaner, cheaper, and ready for the future. The new material conducts. . Much of the attraction to sodium (Na) batteries as candidates for large-scale energy storage stems from the fact that as the sixth most abundant element in the Earth's crust and the fourth most abundant element in the ocean, it is an inexpensive and globally accessible commodity. Electrochemical testing revealed initial capacities of 200 mAh/g for the cathode and 360 mAh/g. .
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