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There is a common energy source that is available on Earth, but more readily available in space - Sun. International Space Shuttle generates electricity using solar energy. In order to collect solar energy, ISS uses solar arrays in a form of a "blanket."
Solar power becomes less viable for missions that venture even farther, where there's not even enough light to charge a battery. Deep space missions like NASA's Voyager 1 and 2 rely instead on energy from the radioactive decay of plutonium-238 to keep them running well into interstellar space.
In order to collect solar energy, ISS uses solar arrays in a form of a "blanket." (Fig. 1) Solar panels attached to these "blankets" are foldable, allowing the panels to go up to the space in a compact form, and then to open up to full size once in space to gather sunlight.
Vanguard 1, the world's first solar-powered satellite, launched on March 17, 1958. Solar cells became the de facto way to power spacecraft, and remain so today. Some missions, such as NASA's Parker Solar Probe, require specialized solar panels that can operate in extreme environments.